Animal Abuse During The 1900 S - 1384 Words

Animal Abuse Movies, TV shows, circuses, and illegal gatherings in an old car garage are all places that animal abuse has taken place for the entertainment of humans. Since the 1900’s movie producers have been using animals in their productions (Dugas). Inhumane and unnecessary, are just two words that describe animal abuse, the use of animals for human entertainment is cruel and injustice. â€Å"Bite the Bullet†, a movie in the 1906 about a race through the American west, focused on the treatment of horses and other animals. With the help of the American humane association (AHA) and others like Harold Melnicker they were able to produce a film that focus on the treatment of animals. After supposed accidents and brutal roles in the 1920’s to the 1930’s, the American humane association was able to set rules and requirements for filmmakers if they chose to include animals in their films. In a past film it was told that a horse plunged backwards over a c liff and into a river, although the producer claims that it was an accident and the horse lost its footing and fell, it is believed the cause of the fall was due to insufficient training and no plan was set in case of an accident. Even with all the tricks that are possible with photography and even trained animals, the film producer ignored all of this and only managed to hurt an animal. Many celebrities took action, one of them being Doris Day, who publicized the American humane association’s plans and thoughts on whatShow MoreRelatedThe Key Themes In Animal Farm By George Orwell952 Words   |  4 PagesAnimal Farm, an allegorical novel by George Orwell, depicts a very clear picture of the events leading up to the 1917 Russian Revolution and the Stalinist era of the Soviet Union. The techniques Orwell has used when writing this piece allows his robust view points and prominent reoccurring themes to become clear. A couple of themes that stood out the most to me was the use of education and intelligence, as well as corruption of power and leadership to fuel oppression. Orwell uses the imagery of aRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Stanley Kowalski s A Streetcar Named Desire884 Words   |  4 PagesThe roles of women and men through the mid 1900’s were vastly different. Women tended to be restricted to a single major societal role—housewife. Whereas most men occupy two such roles, head of household and worker. Thus, a man has two major sources of gratification, his family and his work, while a woman has only one, her family. Men worked and paid the bills while women were expected to stay home to cook, clean, and take care of the children. Men were typically dominating, demanding, and harshRead MoreThe Black Of African Americans879 Words   |  4 PagesAfrican-American being the CEO of one of the top global companies?*. â€Å"Going to meet the man† a story by James Baldwin is a great example of how African Americans were treated in la te 1900s; how they were used as entertainment for white people and how they were never given their human rights. It also shows some of the abuses faced by black women. They were made fun of for their skin and were beaten badly if they tried to get their basic rights. The black community has been consistently rejected [all though]Read MoreGenetic Engineering And Its Effects974 Words   |  4 Pageswould want his crops to thrive by making them grow larger. This is done by adding genic modifications to the crops. Early studies of genetic engineering can be traced back to the 1800’sand 1900’s. In 1859, Charles Darwin published the origin of species which gives information of the knowledge of breeding during that time. Gregor Mendel released his discoveries on peas which became the foundation of modern genetics. T.H.Morgan demonstrated that chromosomes are the concrete entities which are to beRead MoreFeminism And The Second Wave Of Feminism1561 Words   |  7 Pagesfemi nism; men were supposed to be assertive, aggressive, and the kings of their homes. Stella, his wife, is meant to serve as an example of how women were supposed to act and ignore the behavior of their husbands. Mitch is the polar opposite of Stanley s type of masculinity; he is sensitive, and does not act as though he has absolute control over women. This type of masculinity is more attractive to Blanche, who seems to represent more feminist ideals. These four characters create strong parallels whoRead MoreThe Evolution of Women in Nigeria1310 Words   |  6 Pages Throughout the centuries, the roles of Nigerian women have continuously evolved. During the pre- colonial era, women in Nigerian tribes were not only child bearers and wives, but also free adults. They played critical roles in food preparation, weaving, pottery, and the economy. However, the impact of British rule in Nigeria made a significant shift from the pre-colonial to the post- colonial era. The influence of the Catholic Church, Western style education, patriarchal government and modern waysRead MoreCapitalism And Social Darwinism In The Novel The Jungle995 Words   |  4 PagesThe Novel â€Å"The Jungle† represents the capitalism and social Darwinism during the 1900’s. The author tried to persuade the audience that socialism is good, be he didnt achieve that. What actually happened is that it made people question what they were eating from the meal packing plants. The main characters who immigrated to America during the â€Å"Gilded Age† and experienced the hardships themselves. Immigration from lithuania,the family wanted to seek the opportunities,and freedom of the promisedRead More`` Animal Liberation `` By Richard Ryder1642 Words   |  7 PagesTo start with, The term Animal Rights did not emerge until the late 1970 s, according to Encyclopedia Britannica. In Particular, Richard Ryder, a British Psychologist, expressed his boldest ideas, but in order to get his word out around the world he needed assistance from one of the top Australian philosophers, Peter Singer. Singer published numerous of notable books such as Animal liberation which described in vivid detail, the grueling agony animals had to suffer. In fact, Pete Singer gotRead MoreThe Dark Side Of Foster Care1418 Words   |  6 Pagestake the child or children. No matter the reason, the children are placed into a home for their protection. However, some of the children aren’t always placed into a safe home. The amount of abuse that happens to children in foster care is staggering, ra nging from neglect, physical, sexual and even emotional abuse. All of the reasons the children could have been taken from their homes to begin with. So then if they were put in to foster care for their protection, whose really protecting them? CharlesRead MoreThe Color Purple by Alice Walker675 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"The animals of the world exist for their own reasons. They were not made for humans any more than black people were made for white, or women created for men.† Straight from the mouth of Alice Walker this quote was spoken in order to point out that fact that none of God’s creatures were put on this Earth to be someone else’s property. Alice Walker is an African-American novelist and poet who took part in the 1960’s civil rights movement in Mississippi. Walkers creative vision was sparked by the

The s First Therapy Appointment - 1769 Words

Cole pressed the snooze button on his alarm clock and debated calling in for work. His first therapy appointment was tomorrow, and he was feeling the Monday morning blues. It was so cold and gloomy outside. He had to pull himself together for the office. The last thing he needed was to appear unprofessional in front of his colleagues. After throwing water on his face and brushing his teeth, he knew he needed coffee to get through the day. He blew a sigh of relief when he didn t see Lucy sitting at their usual table. His smile faded, and he felt a pang of sadness when he saw the woman he had been longing for standing in line waiting to order. Jordyn wasn t alone, and she had a smile plastered to her face. She was more beautiful than when she walked away from him. He stared at her for a second and took in her knee length leather boots and cashmere coat. As if she could sense him coming in the cafe, she looked in his direction. His blue eyes held her brown ones for a long second before she looked away and returned her attention to her companion. She was probably repulsed by the sight of him. He was unshaven and quite disheveled. Coffee was not going to make his day better. He left the cafe before he further embarrassed himself. â€Å"Jordyn.† â€Å"Hmm?† â€Å"You didn t hear me ask if you want to sit by the window?† â€Å"Uh...the window is fine.† â€Å"Are you okay? You look like the wind was knocked out of you.† â€Å"Yeah I m fine. I think it s the fog.† â€Å"The fog?† â€Å"Yeah, let s go get ourShow MoreRelatedStructure And Cost Of Sessions957 Words   |  4 Pagesportion that is asked is the only compensation paid to the therapist. Any donation for art supplies would be greatly appreciated. ï‚ · $25: Individual Therapy 50-minute Session ï‚ ·   $35: Family Therapy 50-minute Session ï‚ ·   $15: Group 50-minute Weekly Session Comparitive sessions: Filling out Intake form: $150 Individual Therapy Family Therapy: $140 Parenting Support/or Feedback Sessions: $140 Group Weekly Sessions : $75 OUT OF SESSION SERVICES:†¨We love working with your children andRead MoreHow The Va s Policy Changes Regarding Opioid Treatment935 Words   |  4 Pagescould receive their opioid medication via the mail by just making a phone call to their primary care physician. These prescriptions could be refilled over the phone, without the veteran having to schedule an appointment to receive a written prescription. The veteran had scheduled appointments monthly, quarterly or bi-annually depending upon their level of disability and medical needs. In 2014 the laws changed regarding opioid treatment for the entire country, not just the VA. The new federal lawsRead MoreBeing A Physical Therapist Has Done You Know What You Are Doing But After Graduation?1681 Words   |  7 Pageswent to Vantage Physical Therapy because she had an appointment for her foot. As soon as I walked into the building, I looked around and was just blown away by the facility. There were tons of enjoyable, genial people everywhere. During the appointment, I had paid close attention to everything the therapist had done and was incredibly intrigued. Not to mention, I love anything that has to deal with science, the human body, and health. While I was observing at the appointment, everything piqued my interestRead MoreA Group Mental Health Practice989 Words   |  4 Pagesaverage. She shared with me that she â€Å"hate[s]† math but enjoys art. She reported that she has many friends, both males and females, at school. She also reported that her mother , â€Å"Laura†, works at school as a special needs teacher. According Steffani and her mother, she has one older brother, who is in 10th grade. Her father has background in biology and works at a local business. Presenting Problem and precipitating event Steffani initially sought therapy for â€Å"mood swings†. According to her, she usuallyRead MoreEssay On Treatment Plan1216 Words   |  5 Pagesdiscussed and added as part of the treatment plan. In the event a client knows they will not be able to make an appointment due to unforeseen circumstances or illness 24 hours prior to their appointment, they will not be assessed unless this is continual. Services Provided We offer traditional talk therapy in which the client and the therapist collaborate together to discover the area/s in which the client wants help or change. It is our belief that a strong interpersonal client/counselor relationshipRead MorePostpartum Depression And Its Effect On Child Development1500 Words   |  6 Pages â€Æ' Specialization My area of specialization is maternal postpartum depression and its effect on child development. It s a well-documented fact that postpartum depression affects not only the patient but other family members including the children. Client Agency The clients in this intervention will be women who have recently given birth. The intervention would occur at a hospital or medical setting during the six week check-up. The clients that would participate in this intervention would beRead MoreAssignment 1801 Words   |  4 Pagesyour care to the MTF or a civilian mental health provider and forward your records to the provider assuming your care at the new location. H. Profiles/Duty Limiting Conditions for Service Members. MHC providers will consult with Commanders and/or first sergeants any time they feel a Service member has a condition or circumstance that makes him/her not fit for duty, not deployable or requires any change in his/her normal duties. I. Drug or Alcohol Abuse by Service Members. Providers must report allRead MoreLymphoma Case Study Essay1400 Words   |  6 PagesCase Study Hodgkin’s Disease Setting: Outpatient clinic Index Words: Hodgkin’s disease, cancer, assessment, radiation therapy, diagnostic tests, symptom management Scenario A.T. is a 21-year-old college student. He works part-time as a manual laborer, uses half a can of smokeless tobacco each week, and drinks a six-pack of beer on the weekend. A year ago in September, he discovered a small, painless lump in his lower left neck. Over the quarter, he experienced increasing fatigue andRead MoreBenefits Of The Patient Concierge931 Words   |  4 Pagesstaff is unable to do so, at the next appointment, they should inform patient of the missed co-payment and the co-payment for the current date of service. Co-Pay balance should be kept at a fairly low amount. If a patient has a high balance in missed co-payments, it is the responsibility of the front desk staff to inform Veronica for solutions. II. Cash Pay Patients Patients, who pay for any cash services that include, but are not limited to, physical therapy, personal training, massage, nutritionRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Cystic Fibrosis1164 Words   |  5 Pagesairway clearance therapy; this time does not include doctor’s visits or other therapists’ appointment (Sawicki, 2008). Due to the high treatment demand, Emily feels stressed since she cannot find time for social participation, homework, plus the added teenage excitement. Consequently, cystic fibrosis affects many of her occupations. Her attitude can affect or change the course of care; therefore, understanding the entire person is integral to successfully treat the disease. The first occupation of

Cheating on Your Partner free essay sample

When it comes to divorce, I will likely end up being involved. If the police were to get involved in the mess because one of you crazy lunatics decides to do something bizarre, again, I will likely be involved. Divorces that are caused by cheating will affect children as they get older, especially if they are teenagers. It will affect their school life, the way they think about the parent that cheated, and their future. As a teenager myself, this issue can lead to a variety of problems throughout our lives if you are one of those parents with relationship issues because if anything happens to us, it’s on you. School is the most important thing in my life and I know if I don’t do well, Im not going to be able to have a future and it will be all because of you. To begin with, teens like me are not necessarily open about their problems, so instead it shows in my progress at school through tests, assignments and homework. We will write a custom essay sample on Cheating on Your Partner or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page According to this: â€Å" studies show that immediately before, during and after a divorce, teens are more likely to experience academic and behavioral difficulties at school† (Brock 3 March 2012) my grades will eventually start decreasing. I will become more prone to failing school and possibly never having the successful future that I dream of. Secondly, I may end up dropping out of school, like the majority of teens who have done so already: â€Å"The high school dropout rate of children of divorced parents is roughly two times higher than that of children of which the parents did not divorce† (McLanahan 3 March 2012). Thirdly, substance abuse, such as smoking or the use of drugs, is a major part of my school life because I depend on it for relief. Like me, some teenagers will depend on drugs for the rest of their high school lives once divorce takes place: â€Å" teens whose parents had divorced were almost four times more likely to use illicit drugs by age 14 and almost twice as likely to use illicit drugs during their lives† (Dube 3 March 2012). In addition, I would get involved with the wrong crowd to obtain these substances, so I might skip school just to light a cigarette with a few â€Å"friends†. Most teens like me want to stifle the pain inside of us so we won’t have to feel it anymore, and this is what most of us go through; we think it will help us emotionally. Overall, I will have to suffer through school now because of the infidelity and it will make me become a bad person. Teenagers like me will have a mixture of thoughts about the spouse that cheated and will most likely end up having some problems towards you. First and foremost, I may get angry at the one that decided to do the cheating and possibly even become disgusted at their very presence. Don-David Lusterman, who wrote Infidelity: a Survival Guide, explains: â€Å"I have seen kids get very angry with parents who have affairs † (Lusterman 3 March 2012). There is no doubt that teens like me will be furious at the parent that cheated, especially since the situation will put me under a lot of stress and make me feel pain for the other parent that is suffering. The parent that committed infidelity will now be despised for life, and maybe even wiped out from my memory. Furthermore, I would feel embarrassed or ashamed of what had happened. The fact that I have to carry that burden with me forever makes it even worse. I am only a teenager; I am still trying to fit in society: â€Å"There is a strong sense of shame about what has happened, especially in adolescents because their identity is developing† (Nogales 3 March 2012). I will never be able to look at you the same anymore. I am getting older and trying to show my worthiness in society and it is definitely not going to be easy after that incident. Finally, you will no longer be worthy of trust: â€Å"The person that you trusted the most lied to you, so everything becomes suspicious† (Nogales 3 March 2012). Initially, I had a feeling something was going on because you had begun to change yourself. You meant the world to me and the fact that you decided to go behind my back and cheat hurts me. You will be wiped out from my life completely. Like most teens do, I considered you my role model. But, of course, that image of you being perfect is completely and utterly shattered now. All in all, my thoughts about you will make my world turn upside down. Every teen wants a perfect future after high school and having events blocking their way is a far thought, but since one of you were unfaithful, my future plans have officially become ruined. To begin, there is a chance that I will develop trust issues with my boyfriend or girlfriend, which will be a direct result of you being incapable of dealing with your infidelity maturely, as proven in this statistic: â€Å" t’s not just the cheating, but how the parents deal with the crisis that can have a profound effect on the children’s future relationships† (Lusterman 3 March 2012). As a matter of fact, teenagers like me may feel that their boyfriend or girlfriend will be unfaithful, so I may choose to never be committed to a relationship. After everything that has happened, I may feel as if every relationship is doomed to end in some harsh way or another. So what’s the point of even committin g myself to one, let alone be in one? In addition, a majority of teens like me will be at risk of developing health problems because of divorce: â€Å"Children of divorce are at a greater risk to experience injury, asthma, headaches and speech defects than children whose parents have remained married† (Dawson 3 March 2012). Furthermore, it will become difficult to socialize with others because of the new problems involving my health. Lastly, I might even blame myself in the future for what happened and start feeling as if everything is my fault, which will cause more pain to swell inside of me. I may even feel confused just like this teenager: â€Å" As time went on, my hurt grew bigger than my confusion. I started to take my parents’ separation personally, as if it meant they didn’t love me anymore† (â€Å"How Divorce Affects Teenagers† 3 March 2012). It can be seen that she took her parents problems personally and speculated that they didnt love her, which caused her to feel more confused than hurt. My perfect future therefore cannot be retained if you have no sense of understanding what you did was wrong. Children that have divorced parents due to cheating will be affected by it; especially if they are a teen. They will struggle in school, develop emotional thoughts about the spouse that cheated, and maintain a poor future. Will do you have at least some sympathy for me now? My life has officially been torn apart because of what you did and it’s not going to be easy for me to accomplish a stable life. Cheating really destroys teens like me and it’s not something that I will ever forget. So I hope you realize now that I will never have a normal life like other teens because of what you did to me. It will be a memory for eternity.

Approaching Literature; Author/Protagonist/Antagonist/ Setting Mr.Vruno Flashcard

Approaching Literature; Author/Protagonist/Antagonist/ Setting Mr.Vruno

Author Lane Ashfeldt on the Changing Role of Editors

Author Lane Ashfeldt on the Changing Role of Editors The changing role of editors - An interview with Lane Ashfeldt â€Å"We tend to associate independent publishing with early-career writers getting their first break, since this is the kind of story that has tended to grab the headlines. But another significant group of authors choosing to self-publish are mid-career writers whose contracts for certain titles have expired.†We say on our homepage that our Reedsy professionals â€Å"know the publishing landscape better than a writer knows the taste of hot coffee†. So we like to regularly have their take on it. Today, we interview Lane Ashfeldt, a UK-based freelance editor who has worked both for a small press and directly with authors. She shares her insights on the ever-changing role of editors - whether in-house or freelance - and on the opportunity self-publishing represents for writers (even â€Å"mainstream† ones).Hi Lane, great to have you here. You’re one of our fiction editors on Reedsy and have been freelance for around 4 years. How did you start your editing career?Thanks for asking me Ricardo. I got into fiction by accident, planning to move on, but it stuck. For six years I edited short stories and novels for an indie press, in a variety of styles from crime to literary. I later started writing myself, and taught writing at a UK university.What prompted you to go freelance as an editor?When my book of my stories, SaltWater, was in edits I blogged about the process and some ex-students who had carried on writing after their courses got in contact asking if I’d look at their novels. I couldn’t say no.How do you find having the writer as your employer?I’ve never really thought of it that way. Reedsy refers to editing projects as collaborations and I think this hits the right note, though of course in this context the author is ultimately in control of the process. Which is as it should be - it is their book. I suggest edits, and explain why, but it’s up to the writer whether they choose to act on them. It†™s a very cooperative thing. It’s also private. I don’t identify titles that I’ve edited freelance. (The titles on my Reedsy profile are from a regular job before I went freelance.)Do you see any parallels between your freelance editorial projects now, and when you were a full time editor?I enjoy working direct with authors, and this aspect is very similar. As a commissioning editor I’d meet authors and see their books through from manuscript to hard copy. Now it is more usual to work remotely via electronic means, and generally I only work on the text unless asked for input on submissions or electronic publication routes. One key similarity is, it’s very result-driven – it is all about finishing a piece of fiction, be it for print or ebook publication. Another aspect in common with my experience as a professional novel and short story editor is that over time you build relationships with certain authors and a knowledge of their strengths. It is rewarding when an author asks you to work on multiple projects as the dialogue becomes more fruitful.You have taught creative writing. How does that compare with editing?There is some commonality. But because advanced level university students need to write dissertations and conduct research, there’s a necessary interest, pedagogically, in the process of creative writing; this can distract from the task at hand, ie finishing the book. With project editing, the emphasis is not on â€Å"how to,† if you like, but on getting it done. To as high a standard as possible, obviously.With the explosion in self-publishing, do you feel the role of editors is changing?In the present era of publishing everything is negotiable. Some editors are strong on marketing, some act as curators whose job is to uncover the Next Big Thing in their sphere of interest, some are very much a cog working within the corporate constraints of a major brand. As a full-time editor, I worked with a n indie press. Generally in smaller presses roles are more flexible. Editors may do both copy editing and commissioning  - perhaps also have a say in the design, typesetting, marketing, and PR. Commissioning editors with bigger houses are rarely this hands-on. Often they operate more on the level of curators whose intake is limited to people they know and a group of agents their company has history with, taking on finished projects that someone else (an agent, a professor in creative writing, a literary consultancy, the author) has edited and polished. You could say they operate less as editors (in the conventional sense of the word), more as a gateway to the production and marketing machine behind their brand.But with the increasing variety of publication routes open to writers, there is space for all sorts of editorial approaches to co-exist. Recent projects I’ve worked on as a freelance editor illustrate this - some went on to be self-published, others are taking the ag ent / traditional publication route.Is it still possible to land an agent or publisher with an unedited manuscript?I am sure there are examples out there. The best writers are excellent editors of their own work, and this was true even in the days when some of the editing processes took place heh-hemming over dictation to a secretary. But if hiring a freelance editor adds perspective and strengthens your writing, it is a step worth taking.How do you see the publishing industry evolving in the next few years? Now that independent publishing has been established as a valid option, are more traditionally published authors going to try it?Lots of traditionally published writers have already experimented with publishing their work independently. It skewed towards US-based writers to start with, perhaps because the terms offered to US writers were more favorable, but that is beginning to even up. Both European and US authors working directly with Amazon can now access a royalty of 70% of the cover price on their titles (as against c. 7% working through a publisher) which increases the chance that authors may choose this route.We tend to associate independent publishing with early-career writers getting their first break since this is the kind of story that has managed to grab the headlines. But another significant group of authors choosing to self-publish are mid-career writers whose contracts for individual titles have expired. They are sitting on out-of-print (and professionally edited) novels that readers want to read - maybe even want to reread on ebook, having lost the hard copy - and it is not a lot of work to put up the files on self-publishing websites. A couple of examples: Philip Casey and Jeff Noon. Like Casey, Noon recently had new covers made for all his books and re-released them, along with his new ebook Channel Skin. No doubt there are others - perhaps especially writers whose ebook rights were never optioned first time around.You are a published wri ter, so I expect you love writing. What is the best thing about editing?For me, it is a similar buzz to writing. I enjoy editing. I love the intensity of it, the fact that you can lose yourself in the work, think about nothing else. Just words, and how they fit together. How they unfold to reveal a story.Thanks a lot for your time, Lane!  Follow Lane and Reedsy on Twitter: @Ashfeldt  and  @ReedsyHQDo you feel like the role of editors has changed? Is it worth it to work with a freelance editor before submitting your MS to agents and publishers? Leave us your thoughts, or any question for Lane, in the comments below!

3 Problematic Parallel Lists

3 Problematic Parallel Lists 3 Problematic Parallel Lists 3 Problematic Parallel Lists By Mark Nichol When listing within a sentence, take care in sentence construction to employ conjunctions and punctuation correctly to achieve proper parallel sentence structure, as discussed in the discussion and revision of each of the following flawed sentences. 1. Smith worked as a chess coach, tutor, and led overnight camping trips. This sentence lacks a verb corresponding with tutor, just as worked is associated with â€Å"as a chess coach† and led pertains to â€Å"overnight camping trips,† as in â€Å"Smith worked as a chess coach, acted as a tutor, and led overnight camping trips.† It appears, however, that the writer intends worked to apply to tutor and â€Å"chess coach† in parallel, with both supported by â€Å"as a,† but the punctuation does not allow this construction. For the statement to be syntactically valid, tutor must be preceded by a conjunction and its own article: â€Å"Smith worked as a chess coach and a tutor and led overnight camping trips.† (If the second a is omitted, the implication is that Smith was a chess coach and a chess tutor; the sentence works this way only if tutor and â€Å"chess coach† are transposed so that tutor is not mistakenly linked to chess.) 2. Regulatory technology aims to make regulatory compliance more integrated, streamlined, and less costly.   The first and third adjectives in the list are provided comparative modifiers, and the implication is that streamlined shares more with integrated, but the comma prevents that association. In order for integrated and streamlined to share more, they must be treated as a phrase separated by and and both commas must be omitted: â€Å"Regulatory technology aims to make regulatory compliance more integrated and streamlined and less costly.† Alternatively, integrated can be assigned its own instance of more: â€Å"Regulatory technology aims to make regulatory compliance more integrated, more streamlined, and less costly.† 3. Firms need to ensure that workflow, queue management, control reporting, exception management, efficient and streamlined processes are in place.   â€Å"Efficient and streamlined processes† is intended to be understood as a factor equivalent to the other four listed beforehand, but the writer has mistaken and for the conjunction that necessarily precedes the final item in the list. Because it is within the final item, another conjunction is required: â€Å"Firms need to ensure that workflow, queue management, control reporting, exception management, and efficient and streamlined processes are in place.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How Many Tenses in English?50 Latin Phrases You Should KnowPreposition Mistakes #3: Two Idioms

Islam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Islam - Essay Example The spiritual benefits associated with prayer in Islam are heavily conspicuous to be ignored, since they play a major role in alleviating a person’s obnoxious worries and moroseness. On the other hand, prayer in Islam also has immense physical benefits that are a great means of reducing the chances of many serious diseases. It is because a person does not have to stand or sit still at one place during the process of praying, rather all the Muslims are required to adopt various positions during the prayer. The most important part of the Islamic prayer is the prostration, when a Muslim has to bow down in front of God. It is a scientifically approved fact that when one adopts this position not once but many times a day, extra blood flows down to the brain and this blood flow is of immense importance. This greatly reduces the risk of many diseases like chilblain and also helps in effective drainage of sinuses (Naik). An interesting fact associated with the prayer in Islam is that the vertebral column adopts various postures like standing erect and bending as in prostration, due to which there are reduced chances of grave vertebral diseases. Islamic prayer hugely differs from the Christian prayer in many ways.

Asthma and medicine management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Asthma and medicine management - Essay Example It is a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) which is a long-term pulmonary disease characterized by increased airflow resistance. Other types of COPD include chronic bronchitis and emphysema. 2) Incidence of asthma and implications of this. There are an estimated 234.9 million people affected by Asthma worldwide of which 28.8 million are in Europe and about 5.4 million are in the U.K. Incidence of new cases occurs mostly in children. In England about 64,000 hospital admissions took place for asthma in 2008/09. Globally 287000 deaths occurred in 2004 and there were 1034 deaths in England and Wales due to asthma in 2008 (Ward, Toledano, Shaddick, Davies, & Elliot, 2012). (NICE, 2013). 3) What are the common signs and symptoms of asthma? Common symptoms are wheezing, breathlessness, tightness in the chest, and cough. These symptoms can be worse at night and in early morning. They can arise after exercise, allergen exposure and cold air (Meerabeau & Wright, 2011). 4) Pa thophysiology of asthma and relation to the case scenario. ... â€Å"Mononuclear cell and eosinophill infiltration, mucus hyper-secretion, desquamation of epithelium, smooth muscle hyperplasia and airway remodeling† (Morris & Mosenifar, 2013) are also characteristics of airway inflammation. Airflow obstruction Airflow obstruction results due to changes taking place in the form of acute bronchoconstriction, airway edema, and chronic mucus plug formation, and airway remodeling. Acutebronchoconstriction occurs due to exposure to aeroallergens when immunoglobulin E-dependent mediator is released. The aeroallergen exposure which is the primary reason for the early asthmatic response causes edema in the away that occurs after 6-24 hours which is known as the late asthmatic response. Chronic mucus plug formation will take several weeks to subside as it contains exudates of serum proteins and cell debris. Airway remodeling is so called because of structural changes occurring due chronic inflammation and can affect the reversibility of airway obst ruction. Airway obstruction results in reduced airflow in and out of the respiratory system. This leads to lowered ability to expel air resulting in hyperinflation. The airway remodeling causes overdistension which helps maintain airway function and improve expiratory flow but overtime it alters pulmonary mechanics and increases breathing modulation. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness Hyperinflation which is in response to airflow obstruction is however is short-lived due to tidal volume approaching the volume of the pulmonary deadspace and the resultant is known as alveolar hypoventilation. It leads to ventilation-perfusion mismatch. The mismatch is also due to vasoconstriction as a result of alveolar hypoxia. Vasoconstriction is also an adaptive response to the above said mismatch (Morris &

Law question Essay Example for Free

Law question Essay Ali had an antique motorbike which he decided to sell. He parked the motorbike on his front lawn with a sign For sale- RM20,000. Ah Chong, who saw the sign, said to Ali that he would be prepared to buy the motorbike for RM15,000. Ali replied that the price is too low and suggested RM18,000. Ah Chong responded by asking if Ali would be prepared to accept payment of the RM18,000 in three monthly instalments of RM6,000 each. Ali replied that he would not. Ali then added, Anyway I am no longer interested in selling the motorbike to you. At that precise moment Ali spoke these words, a helicopter flew low overhead and drowned out his words. Ali did not bother to repeat what he had just said and was leaving when Ah Chong quickly agreed to the RM18,000 suggested earlier by Ali. Discuss whether there is a contract between Ali and Ah Chong. Explain whether your answer would be different if the helicopter flying overhead had not drowned out Alis words and Ah Chong heard what was said? Assignment Answer In this assignment, I would like to discuss the question above part by part. First of all, from the sentence , He parked the motorbike on his front lawn with a sign For sale- RM20,000, it is said that there was an invitation to trade. Invitation to treat or simply speaking information to bargain means a person inviting others to make an offer in order to create a binding contract. An example of invitation to treat is found in window shop displays and product advertisement. . In another words it is a special expression showing a person’s willingness to negotiate. The issue of invitation to treat was discussed in the case of Fisher v Bell[1961] 1 QB 394 by the English Court of Appeal : â€Å"It is perfectly clear that according to the ordinary law of contract the display of an article with a price on it in a shop window is merely an invitation to treat. It is in no sense an offer for sale the acceptance of which constitutes a contract. †[1]. An offer can be seen from the prescribed text, Ah Chong, who saw the sign, said to Ali that he would be prepared to buy the motorbike for RM15,000. It is stated in Section 2(a) Contracts Act 1950, when one person signifies to another his willingness to do or abstain from doing anything, with a view to obtaining the assent of that other to the act or abstinence, he is said to make a proposal. and Section 2(b) Contracts Act 1950,when the person to whom the proposal is made signifies his assent thereto, the proposal is said to be accepted :a proposal, when accepted, becomes a promise. . Both laws were applied when Ah Chong has shown his willingness to make an offer as he would be PREPARED to buy the motorbike for RM15,000. However, a counter offer was made by Ali when instead of accepting or rejecting Ah Chongs offer, Ali made another offer: Ali replied that the price is too low and suggested RM18,000. Ali’s offer refers to a counter offer. In this situation unless an acceptance is rendered, there is no binding contract between A and B. This situation is stated in Section 6(c) Contracts Act 1950- by the failure of the acceptor to fulfill a condition precedent to acceptance. There was famous case known as [2]Hyde v. Wrench, [1840] EWHC Ch J90 where Wrench (D) offered to sell his estate to Hyde for 1200 pounds and Hyde (P) declined. Wrench then made a final offer to sell the farm for 1000 pounds. Hyde in turn offered to purchase the property for 950 pounds and Wrench replied that he would consider the offer and give an answer within approximately two weeks. Wrench ultimately rejected the offer and the plaintiff immediately replied that he accepted Wrench’s earlier offer to sell the real estate for 1000 pounds. Wrench refused and Hyde sued for breach of contract and sought specific performance, contending that Wench’s offer had not been withdrawn prior to acceptance. The question or issue here is if one party makes an offer and the offeree makes a counteroffer, does the original offer remain open? Answer is No because a counteroffer negates the original offer. By making a counteroffer, the plaintiff rejected the original offer and he was not entitled to revive it. So in another words, the parties did not form a binding contract. Then we proceed to the next part where Ah Chong made a mere enquiry to Ali by asking if Ali would be prepared to accept payment of thr RM18,000 in three monthly instalments of RM6,000 each. Then, Ali replied that he would not. On top of that, Ali added that he is no longer interested in selling the motorbike to Ah Chong. Section 5(1) Contract Acts 1950 A proposal may be revoked at any time before the communication of its acceptance is complete as against the proposer, but not afterwards. This particular case [3][3]ROUTLEDGE V GRANT (1828) 4 BING 653 is another example of revocation of an offer : Grant wrote to Routledge offering to purchase the lease of his house. The offer was to remain open for six weeks. Grant then changed his mind about purchasing the lease and, within the six weeks, withdrew his offer. After Routledge had received Grant’s letter withdrawing the offer, he wrote back to Grant, within the six weeks, accepting Grant’s offer. The issue before the court was whether Grant could withdraw his offer within the six week period or whether he was bound contractually given that Routledge had accepted the offer within the timescale. The court held the offer could be withdrawn within the six week period without incurring any liability – if one party has six weeks to accept an offer, the other has six weeks to put an end to it. One party cannot be bound without the other. The case and scenario above convey an useful reminder that until such time as an offer is accepted, the offeror is free to revoke it, even if they have given the recipient a period of time to consider it. When Ali spoke : I am no longer interested in selling the motorbike to you. a helicopter flew and drowned his words. And yet, Ali did not bother to repeat what he just said and was leaving when Ah Chong quickly agreed to the RM18,000 suggested earlier by Ali. In this particular moment, Ali rejected Ah Chongs offer but according to Section 6(a) Contracts Act 1950- by the communication of notice of revocation by the proposer to the other party. It states that revocation os not effective until it is received, communicated. In fact, Ali himself reluctant to repeat what he said which is very important and vital in that situation. Here is one similar case, [4]Byrne v Van Tienhoven (1880) LR 5 CPD 344. In this case, Van Tienhoven offered to sell goods to Byrne by letter dated 1 October. On 8 October, prior to acceptance, Van Tienhoven posted a letter revoking the offer. This letter was received by Byrne on 20 October. In the meantime, on 11 October Byrne received the letter and dispatched an acceptance. Was there a contract? To be effective revocation must be communicated. Where post is used for acceptance, acceptance occurs when and where sent. However, this rule does not apply in relation to revocation of offers thus, if post is used for revocation, communication is only effective if and when it is received by the offeree. As this occurred after acceptance there was a contract formed in this case. An offer was containing a price escalation clause. A counter offer was then made without this clause; it contained a detachable receipt which the company sent back with a notation that they assumed it was on their terms. Thus, the intended message was failed to be received by Ah Chong, the offer has not been revocated. There is a contract between Ali and Ah Chong in this scenario. Section 6(a) Contracts Act 1950 obviously stated revocation must be actually communicated to the offeree before the offer can be treated as effectively revoked. Besides, Section 4(1) Contracts Act 1950- The communication of a proposal is complete when it comes to the knowledge of the person to whom it is made. Importance of conveying message has been shown when either offering or revocating an offer. On the other hand, if the helicopter flying overhead had not drowned out Alis words and Ah Chong heard what was said, outcomes definitely would be different. As was mentioned earlier, if the intended message was communicated or received by Ah Chong, revocation of the offer will succeed. In conclusion, communication is very crucial when conducting contracts or offerings as the outcomes and consequences can differ easily.

Quality Management Essays -- continuous improvement

Executive Summary This report shows the use of Quality management techniques that are essential in the growth of performance in the field of manufacturing and services in business firms. Effective quality management can underpin organizational success. It is a field that is relatively new and growing market as it developed from the 1920s gradually to the contemporary society. Originating from principles of quality control that were the initial stages of the growth of the business, the idea has given growth to the standards of estimation of management standards like the ISO certification that most organizations pursue. The major areas that have stimulated quality management concern the satisfaction of the final consumer, continuous improvement of the processes, and the participation of the employees in the management. Various scholars formulated models that aid in the implementation of quality management techniques in the companies that are highly productive and desire highly effective and efficient performance in its operations. They include Six Sigma, Quality Improvement Techniques (QIT), Management by Objectives (MBO) among others. These have been modified into the ISO Certification models that continue to improve after almost every year. The concept of Total Quality Management has come as an advanced style of quality management that still lays emphasis on the fundamental principles of continuous improvement, focus on the consumer, teamwork and communication and has seen great successes in reputable companies which have had their own way of implementing them. Introduction Quality management is a concept that is needful to organizations of all kinds in order to sustain an exceptional performance in the competitive ma... ... 11/6 pp 419 – 425,1999 (17) McKee, B., 1992, "Turn Your Workers into A Team," Nation's Business. (18) Muir, J., 2004, Collecting & analyzing benchmarking data, Universal City, TX: Library Benchmarking International. (19) Pasmore, A., 1994, "Developing Self-managing Work Teams," Compensation and Benefit Review. (20) Pett, T. & Miller, T., 1994, "Employee Empowerment" Southwest Academy of Management. (21) Reynolds, L., 2005, â€Å"The feds join the quality movement†, Management Review 81, 39-40. (22) Spanbauer, J., 1990, "A Quality System for Education," Quality. (23) Stein, E., 1994, Next Phase of Total Quality Management, Marcel Dekker, Inc. (24) Stokes, Jr & Stewart, L., 1991, "Is Without Managers," Information Strategy the Executive's Journal, Fall.Proceedings. (25) Wellins, R., 1995, "Texas Instruments Gets from Here to There," Training & Development .

Last Sacrifice Chapter Thirty-six

I'D OFTEN DREAMED ABOUT waking up with Dimitri, waking up in a way that was †¦ ordinary. Sweet. Not because we were hastily trying to catch sleep before fighting our next foe. Not because we were recovering from sex we had to hide, sex laden with baggage and myriad complications. I just wanted to wake up together, in his arms, and have it be a good morning. Today was that day. â€Å"How long have you been awake?' I asked drowsily. My head was on his chest, and I was wrapped against him as best as I could manage. My wounds were healing rapidly but still had to be babied. We'd found a few creative workarounds last night. Sunlight now spilled in through the windows, filling my bedroom with gold. He was watching me in that quiet, solemn way of his, with those dark eyes that were so easy to get lost in. â€Å"A little while,' he admitted, lifting his gaze to the sunlight-filled window. â€Å"I think I'm still on a human schedule. Either that, or my body just wants to be up when the sun is. Seeing it is still amazing to me.' I stifled a yawn. â€Å"You should have gotten up.' â€Å"I didn't want to disturb you.' I ran my fingers over his chest, sighing in contentment. â€Å"This is perfection,' I said. â€Å"Is every day going to be like this?' Dimitri rested his hand on my cheek and then moved down, tipping my chin up. â€Å"Not every day but most days.' Our lips met, and the warmth and light in the room paled compared to what burned inside me. â€Å"I was wrong,' I murmured when we finally broke the long, languid kiss. â€Å"This is perfection.' He smiled, something he was doing an awful lot of lately. I loved it. Things would probably change once we were back out in the world. Even if we were together now, Dimitri's guardian side would always be there, ready and watchful. But not right now. Not in this moment. â€Å"What's the matter?' he asked me. With a start, I realized I'd begun to frown. I tried to relax my face. Unbidden, Adrian's words had come back to me, that the next time I was in bed with Dimitri, I should think about others who weren't so lucky. â€Å"Do you think I ruin lives?' I asked. â€Å"What? Of course not.' The smile changed to shock. â€Å"Where would you get that idea?' I shrugged. â€Å"There are just a lot of people whose lives are still kind of a mess. My friends, I mean.' â€Å"True,' he said. â€Å"And let me guess. You want to fix everyone's problems.' I didn't answer. Dimitri kissed me again. â€Å"Roza,' he said, â€Å"it's normal to want to help the people you love. But you can't fix everything.' â€Å"It's what I do,' I countered, feeling a little petulant. â€Å"I protect people.' â€Å"I know, and that's one of the reasons I love you. But for now, you only have to worry about protecting one person: Lissa.' I stretched out against him, noticing my injuries really were constantly improving. My body would be able to do all sorts of things soon. â€Å"I suppose that means we can't stay in bed all day?' I asked hopefully. â€Å"Afraid not,' he said, lightly running his fingertips along the curve of my hip. He never seemed to get tired of studying my body. â€Å"They come first.' I brought my mouth back toward his. â€Å"But not for a little while.' â€Å"No,' he agreed. His hand slid up to the back of my neck, tangling in my hair as he drew me closer. â€Å"Not for a little while.' I had never attended a royal coronation before, and honestly, I hoped I never would again. I only wanted there to be this one queen ruling in my lifetime. Eerily, the coronation was kind of a reverse of Tatiana's funeral. What was the old saying? The queen is dead. Long live the queen. Custom dictated the monarch-to-be spend the first part of the coronation day at the church, presumably to pray for guidance, strength, and all that spiritual stuff. I wasn't sure what custom did in the case of atheist monarchs. Probably they faked it. With Lissa, who was fairly devout, I knew that wasn't a problem and that she was probably legitimately praying she'd do a good job as queen. After the vigil, Lissa and a huge procession walked back across Court to the palace building, where the crowning took place. Representatives from all the royal families joined her, along with musicians who were playing much more cheerful tunes than they had for Tatiana's procession. Lissa's guardians–she had a fleet now–walked with her. I was among them, wearing my finest black and white, including the red collar marking me as a royal guardian. Here, at least, was a notable difference from the funeral. Tatiana had been dead; her guardians were for show. Lissa was very much alive, and even if she'd won the Council's vote, she still had enemies. My colleagues and I were on high alert. Not that you'd think we needed to be, not with the way the onlookers cheered. All those who had camped out during the trials and election had stayed for this fanfare, and more had shown up still. I wasn't sure when there'd ever been this many Moroi in one place. After the long and winding walk, Lissa made it to the palace building and then waited in a small antechamber adjacent to what served as the Moroi throne room. The throne room was almost never used for modern business, but every once in a while–like a new queen being sworn in–the Moroi liked to pull out ancient traditions. The room was small and couldn't hold all the witnesses from outside. It couldn't even hold the entire procession. But, the Council and highest-ranking royal members were there, along with some select invitees of Lissa's. I stood off to the side, watching the glamour unfold. Lissa hadn't made her grand entrance yet, so there was a low hum of conversation. The room was all green and gold, having been given a thorough and fast remodel in the last few days, since custom dictated the ruling family's colors dominate the throne room. The throne itself sat high against the far wall, accessible by steps. Carved of wood I could no longer identify, I knew the throne had been carried around the world by Moroi monarchs for centuries. People were lining up in carefully assigned positions, preparing for when Lissa would enter last. I was studying one of the new chandeliers, admiring how realistic the â€Å"candles' in it looked. I knew they were electric, but the craftsmen had done amazing work. Technology masked in old-world glory, just as the Moroi liked. A small nudge drew my attention away. â€Å"Well, well, well,' I said. â€Å"If it isn't the people responsible for unleashing Rose Hathaway on the world. You've got a lot to answer for.' My parents stood before me in their typical and wildly contrasting clothing. My mom wore the same guardian outfit I did, a white shirt with black slacks and jacket. Abe was †¦ well, Abe. He had on a black pinstripe suite, with a black dress shirt underneath. Splashed against the darkness was a bright, lemon-yellow paisley tie. A matching handkerchief peeped out one of the jacket's pockets. Along with his gold earrings and chains, he also wore a black fedora, which was a new addition to his outlandish wardrobe. I guess he wanted to go all out for an event like this, and at least it wasn't a pirate hat. â€Å"Don't blame us,' said my mother. â€Å"We didn't blow up half of Court, steal a dozen cars, call out a murderer in the middle of a crowd, or get our teenage friend crowned queen.' â€Å"Actually,' said Abe, â€Å"I did blow up half of Court.' My mom ignored him, her expression softening as she studied me with her guardian eyes. â€Å"Seriously †¦ how are you feeling?' I'd seen them only briefly in the days since waking up, just enough for us all to check in on each other. â€Å"You're doing an awful lot of standing today. And I've already told Hans not to put you on active duty for a while.' It was one of the most motherly things I'd ever heard her say. â€Å"I †¦ I'm fine. A lot better. I could go on active duty right now.' â€Å"You will do no such thing,' she said, in exactly the tone she'd use giving orders to a troop of guardians. â€Å"Stop coddling her, Janine.' â€Å"I'm not coddling her! I'm looking out for her. You're spoiling her.' I looked back and forth at them in amazement. I didn't know if I was witnessing a fight or foreplay. I wasn't thrilled about either option. â€Å"Okay, okay, just back off you guys. I survived, right? That's what counts.' â€Å"It is,' said Abe. He suddenly seemed very fatherly, which weirded me out even more than my mom's behavior. â€Å"And despite the property damage and string of broken laws left in your wake, I'm proud of you.' I suspected that secretly, he was proud of me because of those things. My cynical interior commentary was brought to a halt when my mom concurred. â€Å"I'm proud too. Your methods were †¦ not ideal, but you did a great thing. Great things, really. Finding both the murderer and Jill.' I noticed her careful wording of â€Å"the murderer.' I think it was still hard for all of us to accept the truth about Tasha. â€Å"A lot will change because of Jill.' All of us looked over at the foot of the throne. Ekaterina stood on one side, ready with the book of royal vows. The other side was where members of the monarch's family stood–but only one lone person was there. Jill. Someone had done a great job of cleaning her up. Her curly hair had been elaborately styled and pinned, and she wore a knee-length sheath dress with a wide portrait style collar, just barely showing off her shoulders. The dress's cut made the most of her lanky figure, and the dark green satin looked great with her features. She was standing straight, chin high, but there was anxiety all over her, made more obvious by her being so conspicuously alone. I glanced back at Abe, who met my eyes expectantly. I had a lot of questions for him, and he was one of the few who might tell me the truth. The decision was: which question to ask? It was like having a genie. I'd only get so many wishes. â€Å"What will happen to Jill?' I asked at last. â€Å"Will she just go back to school? Are they going to train her to be a princess?' Lissa couldn't be both princess and queen, so her old title went to the next-oldest member of her family. Abe didn't answer for several moments. â€Å"Until Lissa can get the law changed–and hopefully, she will–Jill is all that allows her to keep her throne. If something happens to Jill, Lissa will no longer be queen. So. What would you do?' â€Å"I'd keep her safe.' â€Å"Then you have your answer.' â€Å"It's kind of a broad one,' I said. â€Å"†Safe' means a lot of things.' â€Å"Ibrahim,' warned my mother. â€Å"Enough. This isn't the time or place.' Abe held my gaze a bit longer and then broke into an easy smile. â€Å"Of course, of course. This is a family gathering. A celebration. And look: here's our newest member.' Dimitri had joined us and wore black and white like my mother and me. He stood beside me, conspicuously not touching. â€Å"Mr. Mazur,' he said formally, nodding a greeting to both of them. â€Å"Guardian Hathaway.' Dimitri was seven years older than me, but right then, facing my parents, he looked like he was sixteen and about to pick me up for a date. â€Å"Ah, Belikov,' said Abe, shaking Dimitri's hand. â€Å"I'd been hoping we'd run into each other. I'd really like to get to know you better. Maybe we can set aside some time to talk, learn more about life, love, et cetera. Do you like to hunt? You seem like a hunting man. That's what we should do sometime. I know a great spot in the woods. Far, far away. We could make a day of it. I've certainly got a lot of questions I'd like to ask you. A lot of things I'd like to tell you too.' I shot a panicked look at my mother, silently begging her to stop this. Abe had spent a good deal of time talking to Adrian when we dated, explaining in vivid and gruesome detail exactly how Abe expected his daughter to be treated. I did not want Abe taking Dimitri off alone into the wilderness, especially if firearms were involved. â€Å"Actually,' said my mom casually. â€Å"I'd like to come along. I also have a number of questions–especially about when you two were back at St. Vladimir's.' â€Å"Don't you guys have somewhere to be?' I asked hastily. â€Å"We're about to start.' That, at least, was true. Nearly everyone was in formation, and the crowd was quieting. â€Å"Of course,' said Abe. To my astonishment, he brushed a kiss over my forehead before stepping away. â€Å"I'm glad you're back.' Then, with a wink, he said to Dimitri: â€Å"Looking forward to our chat.' â€Å"Run,' I said when they were gone. â€Å"If you slip out now, maybe they won't notice. Go back to Siberia.' â€Å"Actually,' said Dimitri, â€Å"I'm pretty sure Abe would notice. Don't worry, Roza. I'm not afraid. I'll take whatever heat they give me over being with you. It's worth it.' â€Å"You really are the bravest man I know,' I told him. He smiled, his eyes falling on a small commotion at the room's entrance. â€Å"Looks like she's ready,' he murmured. â€Å"I hope I am,' I whispered back. In true grandiose fashion, a herald brought the room to attention. Perfect silence fell. You couldn't even hear breathing. The herald stepped back from the door. â€Å"Princess Vasilisa Sabina Rhea Dragomir.' Lissa entered, and even though I'd seen her less than half an hour ago, I still caught my breath. She was wearing a formal gown but had once again dodged sleeves. No doubt the dress-maker had had a fit. The dress was floor-length, with a skirt of silk and chiffon layers that moved and fluttered around Lissa as she strode forward. The fabric was the same jade as her eyes, as was the dress's top, with a halter collar covered in emeralds that gave the illusion of a necklace. Matching emeralds covered the dress's belt, and bracelets completed the display. Her hair was worn long, brushed out to gleaming, platinum perfection, an aura unto itself. Christian walked beside her, a sharp contrast with his black hair and dark suit. Customs were being modified significantly today since a family member normally would have escorted Lissa, but †¦ well, she was kind of running out. Even I had to admit he looked amazing, and his pride and love for her shone on his face–no matter what troubled feelings stirred within him over Tasha. Lord Ozera, I remembered. I had a feeling that title would become more and more important now. He led Lissa to the base of the throne and then joined the Ozera delegation in the crowd. Ekaterina made a small gesture to a large satin pillow on the floor in front of the steps. â€Å"Kneel.' There was the briefest hesitation on Lissa's part, one I think only I noticed. Even without the bond, I was so attuned to her mood and tiniest actions that I could pick up on these things. Her eyes had gone to Jill. Lissa's expression didn't change, and it was so strange not to know her feelings. I could make some educated guesses. Uncertainty. Confusion. Again–the pause was only a moment long. Lissa knelt, artfully spreading her skirts around her as she did. Ekaterina had always seemed so frail and wizened in that testing room, but as she stood there with the ancient Moroi coronation book, I could sense a power still within the former queen. The book was in Romanian, but Ekaterina translated it effortlessly as she read aloud, beginning with a speech about what was expected of a monarch and then going to the vows Lissa had to swear to. â€Å"Will you serve?' â€Å"Will you protect your people?' â€Å"Will you be just?' There were twelve in all, and Lissa had to answer â€Å"I will' three times to each one: in English, in Russian, and in Romanian. Not having the bond to confirm her feelings was still so strange, but I could see on her face that she meant every word she said. When that part finished, Ekaterina cued Jill forward. Since I'd last noticed the girl, someone had given her the crown to hold. It had been custom-made for Lissa, a masterpiece of white and yellow gold intertwined with emeralds and diamonds. It complemented her outfit beautifully, and, I noticed with a start, Jill did too. Another tradition was that the monarch was crowned by a family member, and this was what Jill had been saved for. I could see her hands tremble as she laid the bejeweled wonder on her sister's head, and their gazes met briefly. A flash of troubled emotions swirled in Lissa's eyes once more, gone quickly as Jill stepped back and the weight of the ceremony took precedence. Ekaterina held out her hand to Lissa. â€Å"Rise,' she said. â€Å"You will never kneel to anyone again.' Holding Lissa's hand, Ekaterina turned so that they both faced the rest of us in the room. With a voice startling for her small body, Ekaterina declared, â€Å"Queen Vasilisa Sabina Rhea Dragomir, first of her name.' Everyone in the room–except Ekaterina–dropped to their knees, heads bowed. Only a few seconds passed before Lissa said, â€Å"Rise.' I'd been told this was at the monarch's discretion. Some new kings and queens enjoyed making others kneel for a long time. Paperwork followed, which we all watched dutifully as well. Basically, it was Lissa signing to say she'd been made queen while Ekaterina and a couple witnesses signed that they'd seen Lissa made queen. Three copies were on the ornate paper Moroi royalty so loved. One was plain white letterhead, which would go to the Alchemists. When the signing was done, Lissa took her place on the throne, and seeing her ascend those stairs was breathtaking, an image that would stay with me for the rest of my life. The room broke out into cheers and clapping as she settled into the ornate chair. Even the guardians, who normally stayed so deadly serious, joined in the applause and celebration. Lissa smiled at everyone, hiding whatever anxiety she felt. She scanned the room, and her grin broadened when she saw Christian. She then sought me out. Her smile for him had been affectionate; mine was a bit humorous. I smiled back, wondering what she would say to me if she could. â€Å"What's so funny?' asked Dimitri, looking down at me with amusement. â€Å"I'm just thinking about what Lissa would say if we still had the bond.' In a very bad breach of guardian protocol, he caught a hold of my hand and pulled me toward him. â€Å"And?' he asked, wrapping me in an embrace. â€Å"I think she'd ask, â€Å"What have we gotten ourselves into?† â€Å"What's the answer?' His warmth was all around me, as was his love, and again, I felt that completeness. I had that missing piece of my world back. The soul that complemented mine. My match. My equal. Not only that, I had my life back– my own life. I would protect Lissa, I would serve, but I was finally my own person. â€Å"I don't know,' I said, leaning against his chest. â€Å"But I think it's going to be good.' First and foremost, thank you to all of the loyal and enthusiastic readers around the world who have accompanied Rose and me throughout the series. I couldn't have made this journey without you and hope you'll continue to enjoy the many Moroi and dhampir adventures to come. Thank you also to all of the friends and family who have supported me–especially my husband, who continually amazes me with his patience, love, and ability to live with the ups and downs of a â€Å"creative type.' A special shout-out also goes to Jesse McGatha for creating the forest riddle, something I could never have come up with, let alone solve. And as always, I'm grateful to the publishing folks who work behind the scenes to make these books happen: Jim McCarthy–my agent, occasional therapist, and non- stop advocate; Lauren Abramo, who keeps finding more countries I've never heard of to send Rose to; Jessica Rothenberg and Ben Schrank, editors extraordinaire whom I'm pretty sure forego food and sleep to perfect these books; and publicist Casey McIntyre, who organizes my tours and interviews, with great care to arrange them around my hair appointments. A final thanks to all the others who work on this series at Penguin Books, Dystel & Goderich Literary Management, and my international publishers. There are far too many of you to list, but all of you are essential in telling Rose's story. Thank you.

Information Systems Essay

Information systems are the foundation for conducting business today. In many industries, survival and even existence without extensive use of IT is inconceivable, and IT plays a critical role in increasing productivity. Although information technology has become more of a commodity, when coupled with complementary changes in organization and management, it can provide the foundation for new products, services, and ways of conducting business that provide firms with a strategic advantage. 3. What exactly is an information system? How does it work? What are its management, organization and technology components? * Define an information system and describe the activities it performs. An information system is a set of interrelated components that work together to collect, process, store, and disseminate information to support decision making, coordination, control, analysis, and visualization in an organization. In addition to supporting decision making, information systems may also help managers and workers analyze problems, visualize complex subjects, and create new products. * List and describe the organizational, management, and technology dimensions of information systems. Organization: The organization dimension of information systems involves issues such as the organization’s hierarchy, functional specialties, business processes, culture, and political interest groups. Management: The management dimension of information systems involves setting organizational strategies, allocating human and financial resources, creating new products and services and re-creating the organization if necessary. Technology: The technology dimension consists of computer hardware, software, data management technology, and networking/telecommunications technology. * Distinguish between data and information and between information systems literacy and computer literacy. Information literacy: is the ability to find, learn and use information. It doesn’t rely on what you can remember but what you can locate and use. The process of learning in an information literate environment involves being able to find the information rather than memorize it. Computer literacy: is the ability to use the computer. This is an understanding of how to use productivity software on the computer such as word processing, excel, and powerpoint presentation researchs. It is also having knowlege on how to use the internet, collabaration tools, and technology. 4. What are complementary assets? Why are complementary assets essential for ensuring that information systems provide genuine value for an organization? * Define complementary assets and describe their relationship to information technology. Complementary assets are those assets required to derive value from a primary investment. Firms must rely on supportive values, structures, and behavior patterns to obtain a greater value from their IT investments. Value must be added through complementary assets such as new business processes, management behavior, organizational culture, and training. * Describe the complementary social, managerial, and organizational assets required to optimize returns from information technology investments. Organizational assets: * Supportive culture that values efficiency and effectiveness * Appropriate business model * Efficient business processes * Decentralized authority Managerial assets: * Strong senior management support for technology investment and change * Incentives for management innovation * Teamwork and collaborative work environments Social assets: * The Internet and telecommunications infrastructure * IT-enriched educational programs raising labor force computer literacy * Standards (both government and private sector) Chapter 2 1. What are business processes? How are they related to information systems? * Define business processes and describe the role they play in organizations. Â  A business process is a logically related set of activities that define how specific business tasks are performed. Business processes are the ways in which organizations coordinate and organize work activities, information, and knowledge to produce their valuable products or services. How well a business performs depends on how well its business processes are designed and coordinated. Well-designed business processes can be a source of competitive strength for a company if it can use the processes to innovate or perform better than its rivals. Conversely, poorly designed or executed business processes can be a liability if they are based on outdated ways of working and impede responsiveness or efficiency. * Describe the relationship between information systems and business processes. Information systems automate manual business processes and make an organization more efficient. Data and information are available to a wider range of decision-makers more quickly when information systems are used to change the flow of information. Tasks can be performed simultaneously rather than sequentially, speeding up the completion of business processes. Information systems can also drive new business models that perhaps wouldn’t be possible without the technology. 3. How do systems that link the enterprise improve organizational performance? * Explain how enterprise applications improve organizational performance. Â  An organization operates in an ever-increasing competitive and global environment. The successful organization focuses on the efficient execution of its processes, customer service, and speed to market. Enterprise applications provide an organization with a consolidated view of its operations across different functions, levels, and business units. Enterprise applications allow an organization to efficiently exchange information among its functional areas, business units, suppliers, and customers. * Define enterprise systems, supply chain management systems, customer relationship management systems, and knowledge management systems and describe their business benefits. Enterprise systems integrate the key business processes of an organization into a single central data repository. This makes it possible for information that was previously fragmented in different systems to be shared across the firm and for different parts of the business to work more closely together. Business benefits include: * Information flows seamlessly throughout an organization, improving coordination, efficiency, and decision making. * Gives companies the flexibility to respond rapidly to customer requests while producing and stocking only that inventory necessary to fulfill existing orders. * Increases customer satisfaction by improving product shipments, minimizing costs, and improving a firm’s performance. * Improves decision making by improving the quality of information for all levels of management. That leads to better analyses of overall business performance, more accurate sales and production forecasts, and higher profitability. In short, supply chain management systems help businesses better manage relationships with their suppliers. Objective of SCM: Get the right amount of products from the companies’ source to their point of consumption with the least amount of time and with the lowest cost. SCM provides information to help suppliers, purchasing firms, distributors, and logistics companies share information about orders, production, inventory levels, and delivery of products and services so that they can source, produce, and deliver goods and services efficiently. SCM helps organizations achieve great efficiencies by automating parts of these processes or by helping organizations rethink and streamline these processes. SCM is important to a business because through its efficiency it can coordinate, schedule, and control the delivery of products and services to customers. Business benefits include: * Decide when and what to produce, store, and move * Rapidly communicate orders * Track the status of orders * Check inventory availability and monitor inventory levels * Reduce inventory, transportation, and warehousing costs * Track shipments * Plan production based on actual customer demand * Rapidly communicate changes in product design Customer relationship management systems: enable a business to better manage its relationships with existing and potential customers. With the growth of the Web, potential customers can easily comparison shop for retail and wholesale goods and even raw materials, so treating customers better has become very important. Business benefits include: * CRM systems provide information to coordinate all the business processes that deal with customers in sales, marketing, and service to optimize revenue, customer satisfaction, and customer retention. This information helps firms identify, attract, and retain the most profitable customers; provide better service to existing customers; and increase sales. * CRM systems consolidate customer data from multiple sources and provide analytical tools for answering questions such as: What is the value of a particular customer to the firm over his/her lifetime? * CRM tools integrate a business’s customer-related processes and consolidate customer information from multiple communication channels, giving the customer a consolidated view of the company. * Detailed and accurate knowledge of customers and their preferences help firms increase the effectiveness of their marketing campaigns and provide higher-quality customer service and support. Knowledge management systems : enable organizations to better manage processes for capturing and applying knowledge and expertise. These systems collect all relevant knowledge and experience in the firm, and make it available wherever and whenever it is needed to improve business processes and management decisions. They also link the firm to external sources of knowledge. Business benefits include: * KMS support processes for acquiring, storing, distributing, and applying knowledge, as well as processes for creating new knowledge and integrating it into the organization. * KMS include enterprise-wide systems for managing and distributing documents, graphics, and other digital knowledge objects; systems for creating corporate knowledge directories of employees with special areas of expertise; office systems for distributing knowledge and information; and knowledge work systems to facilitate knowledge creation. * KMS use intelligent techniques that codify knowledge and experience for use by other members of the organization and tools for knowledge discovery that recognize patterns and important relationships in large pools of data. * Explain how intranets and extranets help firms integrate information and business processes. Â  Because intranets and extranets share the same technology and software platforms as the Internet, they are easy and inexpensive ways for companies to increase integration and expedite the flow of information within the company (intranets alone) and with customers and suppliers (extranets). They provide ways to distribute information and store corporate policies, programs, and data. Both types of nets can be customized by users and provide a single point of access to information from several different systems. 5. What is the role of the information systems function in a business? * Describe how the information systems function supports a business. Â  The information systems departments is the formal organizational unit responsible for information technology services. The information systems department is responsible for maintaining the hardware, software, data storage, and networks that comprise the firm’s IT infrastructure. Compare the roles played by programmers, systems analysts, information systems managers, the chief information officer (CIO), chief security officer (CSO), and chief knowledge officer (CKO). * Programmers are highly trained technical specialists who write the software instructions for computers. * Systems analysts constitute the principal liaisons between the information systems groups and the rest of the organization. The systems analyst’s job is to translate business problems and requirements into information requirements and systems. * Information systems managers lead teams of programmers and analysts, project managers, physical facility managers, telecommunications mangers, or database specialists. * Chief information officer (CIO) is a senior manager who oversees the use of information technology in the firm. * Chief security officer (CSO) is responsible for information systems security in the firm and has the principle responsibility for enforcing the firm’s information security policy. The CSO is responsible for educating and training users and IS specialists about security, keeping management aware of security threats and breakdowns, and maintaining the tools and policies chosen to implement security. * Chief knowledge officer (CKO) helps design programs and systems to find new sources of knowledge or to make better use of existing knowledge in organizational and management processes.

Free Essays on Standing In The Shadows Of Motown

Standing in the Shadows of Motown was a very compelling movie to me. I had no idea that one core group of people did so much for the Motown scene. This one group of people named â€Å"The Funk Brothers† was the band behind most of the Motown hits. According to this movie, having a core of unique and original musicians with jazz backgrounds and influences was the foundation to create more hit songs then any other band in history. As in many genres of music, the Motown sound was defined by the incredible bass line, combined with the beats provided by the percussion. The original defining bassist, James Jameson, is considered one of the best bassist to have ever lived. He had an incredibly unique and fast sound that he played completely with one finger. Most good bassist have a hard time playing the same sound with multiple fingers. He wrote most of the early songs until he eventually died of a drug overdose. James Jameson was replaced with a number of bassists that for the most part tried to keep the sound James installed in The Funk Brothers sound. Another important side of the incredible sound can be defined by the percussion. The original drummer to define â€Å"The Funk Brothers† sound was a man by the name of Benny Benjamin. This drummer was said to have a original beat that both kept the tempo and defined a complimentary side beat. Like James he also died of an overdose. He was replaced by two drummers to capture the Benny sound. These two incredible musicians were the foundation builders of music. They allowed the other members of The Funk Brothers to build an incredible sound that defined Motown music. They were the backbone of almost every hit that came out of Motown.... Free Essays on Standing In The Shadows Of Motown Free Essays on Standing In The Shadows Of Motown Standing in the Shadows of Motown was a very compelling movie to me. I had no idea that one core group of people did so much for the Motown scene. This one group of people named â€Å"The Funk Brothers† was the band behind most of the Motown hits. According to this movie, having a core of unique and original musicians with jazz backgrounds and influences was the foundation to create more hit songs then any other band in history. As in many genres of music, the Motown sound was defined by the incredible bass line, combined with the beats provided by the percussion. The original defining bassist, James Jameson, is considered one of the best bassist to have ever lived. He had an incredibly unique and fast sound that he played completely with one finger. Most good bassist have a hard time playing the same sound with multiple fingers. He wrote most of the early songs until he eventually died of a drug overdose. James Jameson was replaced with a number of bassists that for the most part tried to keep the sound James installed in The Funk Brothers sound. Another important side of the incredible sound can be defined by the percussion. The original drummer to define â€Å"The Funk Brothers† sound was a man by the name of Benny Benjamin. This drummer was said to have a original beat that both kept the tempo and defined a complimentary side beat. Like James he also died of an overdose. He was replaced by two drummers to capture the Benny sound. These two incredible musicians were the foundation builders of music. They allowed the other members of The Funk Brothers to build an incredible sound that defined Motown music. They were the backbone of almost every hit that came out of Motown....

Useful German Expressions to Organize Your Writing

Useful German Expressions to Organize Your Writing If you feel that your German writing assignments sound choppy or stilted, try incorporating some of the following expressions to make your writing flow better. These are all variations of common phrases that we often include in our native language - often without even thinking about it. Listing and Ordering Facts and Ideas First of all, first - zunchst, erstens.Secondly, thirdly... - zweitens, drittens...besides - außerdem.then - dann.incidentally - à ¼brigens.further - darà ¼ber hinaus.above all - vor allem.lastly, finally - letztendlich, schließlich. Introducing and Stating Examples For example - zum Beispiel (abbreviated as z.B.) An example, as in I would like to give an example - ich mà ¶chte ein Beispiel anfà ¼hren.Referring to point/example†¦ - dabei sei auf Punkt/Beispiel†¦ hingewiesennamely - und zwar.    To Clarify a Point In other words - Mit anderen Worten, anders ausgedrà ¼ckt.This signifies particularly... - Dies gilt besonders fà ¼r...This means - Dies bedeutet. Writing a Summary or Conclusion In a nutshell - Im Großen und Ganzen.In a word - Kurz und gut.In conclusion - zum Schluss.To conclude, one can say that†¦ - Zusammenfassend lsst sich sagen, dass...

Apple Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 7

Apple - Essay Example Apple follows the highest standards of social responsibility and ethical conduct and also wants their suppliers to do the same. The business conduct of Apple states four primary practices: Honesty, Respect, Confidentiality and Compliance. All business dealings should be conducted with honesty and ethics. All the co workers in the entire management should be treated with respect. Confidential information about the company and its customers must be protected. All the business decisions should comply with applicable laws and regulations. Apple practices highest standards of ethics in all its endeavors. The employees must not involve in any types of corruption, bribery, extortion in order to obtain any advantage. All their business activities should be recorded in details and be disclosed without any alterations. Anonymous complain management mechanism should be implemented to help workers report about workplace grievances. All intellectual property rights and confidentiality of customer information should be respected. The suppliers of Apple are required to create safe working environment for the workers, treat them with respect and dignity and use environmental friendly practices, wherever Apple product are made or their services are provided. To assess the compliance to these codes of conduct, Apple performs surprise audits to the supplier units and the supplier is found to violate the standards, it will jeopardize the business relationship. According to the Supplier Code of Conduct, the supplier should not discriminate any worker on the grounds of age, disability, gender, race, religion, sexual orientation, etc. The work place should be free from all types of harassments and threats. Suppliers must ensure that all the workers are working on their own free will. There shall be no under aged labor in the factories or in any process of the operation. Legal juvenile workers should not be given tasks that can put their health

Mesa Shading Master Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Mesa Shading Master Plan - Essay Example This type of shading can be used to the sidewalks and pedestrian corridors. Trees can be planted in order to give shade along the sidewalks. Trees like Delonix Regia and Gleditsia tricanthos are a better choice because they can survive harsh climate conditions, grow fast and do not produce fruit. Green roofing is the best kind of roofing that can be used in areas such as bus stops and intersections. This kind of shading is environmental friendly, and they ensure conservation of the environment and tackle the loss of biodiversity. This type of shading increases energy efficiency while providing shading. If this kind of shading is installed in parking lots, they will produce clean energy as well as shading the cars from direct sunlight. In Mesa Dr, we shall have the Delonix regiaon trees on the streets. These kinds of trees are drought resistant and grow very fast. We shall avoid trees like the tipu tree because of its strong roots that can uproot sidewalk pavement. E University Dr will adopt the solar shading as this will enable generate extra power for the surrounding areas. N centre streets should be planted with Muskogee Crape Myrtle. These trees provide shade as this type does not bear fruit and grows quickly. Grynning, S., Time, B., & Matusiak, B. (2014). Solar shading control strategies in cold climates - Heating, cooling demand and daylight availability in office spaces. Solar Energy, 107182-194. doi:10.1016/j.solener.2014.06.007 Sun, L., Lu, L., & Yang, H. (2012). Optimum design of shading-type building-integrated photovoltaic claddings with different surface azimuth angles. Applied Energy, 90(1), 233-240.

Vodafone Group PLC Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Vodafone Group PLC - Essay Example We will use the same conduct fundamental analysis of the company to assess whether the stock is likely to increase or decrease in value in the short- and long-term and whether the stocks current price is an accurate reflection of its value (Street.com, Inc.,2007) Revenues exhibited growths within the range of 10% to 33% for the last five year period except for the decline from 2004 to2005 by 21%. Despite the decline in 2005 from 2004, gross margins were noticeably high from 29% for the years 2003 and 2004 respectively and still high at 22% and 21% respectively for the years 2005 and 2006 respectively. This means that decline in company revenues for a given year which could have been an indication of lower output did not cause the company to suffer the decline in terms of productivity or efficiency since the gross margins were still high, although the decline was still felt since the gross margin from2004 to 2005 also declined from 29% to 22%. The apparent decline in mark up due to decline in revenues from 2004 to 2005 was remarkably offset by the increase in bet profit margin relative to the years where changes were noted. The lower gross margin for the year 2006 and 2006 as against 2004 and 2003 did not necessarily resulted to lower net profit margin for the corresponding years under study, since net profit margin for the years 2006 and 2005 stood at both similar rates of 22% which were surprisingly higher than for 2004 and 2003 respectively. This difference in the results could only mean better efficiency for the years 2006 and 2005 over the year 2004 and 2003. Viewed from perspective of improving management performance in terms of efficiency, the management has indeed shown resiliency and disciple for the latter years as compared against the earlier years. This is however not to lose the remarkable achievement net profit margin 1n 2002 which got reflected at 69%. What clearly showed an increasing trend without sign of going down are the

How to approach a child with autism properly

How to approach a child with autism properly The idea of being polite or that which designate the point of politeness to others is a great virtue to begin with. In that essence, when dealing and attending to or with people or a child with autistic disorder, politeness and understanding their sentiments is also very important. Not all people are blessed or lucky to live a normal life. That is where we can derive the sentimental value of politeness to make its presence as far as approaching a child with autism in a proper way is concerned. What we can comprehend and understand from the general assimilation of the facts, especially when it concerns child with autistic is that people who behaves with them politely is often not only respected by autistic child, but also loved by them in great many ways. In that context again, a child with autism also in any given occasion responds to people who are polite and who understands them in the other way round. That is to say, a child with autisms most commonly is often known to be impaired by brain disorders or that which impaired the part of the brains, and are children with special needs and care. Thus, extra attentions have to be given to them to improve their way of living in a better way. This is where the question of being polite to them also come to fore, because it bring into the occasion the consideration for the feelings of others. When we look at these features in contention, a child with autisms we feel is characterized by certain aspects of impairment that prevent them to interact and communicate socially in the way a normal child does. Behavioral aspects of a child with autism also often prevent them due to repetitive behavior that a normal child does or is expected of. Hypothesis: Proposal and Issue in Contention Understanding autism is important in a sense that it can provide us a gist about the disease in general and what are the salient factors attached to it. Autism as one of the commonest diseases is spreading fast and affects millions of individuals, especially childrens. To have a clear and precise understanding of it is very beneficial for an informative understanding of the diseases. Emphasizing the valuable aspects attached to children that are affected by autism and understanding the significance of how to approach such children also can provide us with an idea about what should be and what should not be the factors while making a way to approach children with autism, because as we know children with autism have a general disorder to understand and view things as normal people does. As one aspects of human disability, autism as diseases is rather hard for general people to understand, especially when it matter to approach child with autism, given that their behavior at times are a sore for the sight. However, we should not make it look so bad. Given that childrens who are affected with autism also are humans, so does we. Hence, every notion to have a feeling for them and their needs is one significant point to build a society based on understanding, sharings, helping people in needs and most importantly contributing to limit the plight of those less fortunate. In that essence, we feel that to general the objective of this study is to view into the salient aspects encompassing factors of the subject matter that attempts to trace how to approach child with autism in order to do away with any misgivings and misunderstanding. As we know children with autism are childrens with special needs and care. Thus, every aspect to understand their behavior for example can be an ample foreground for us to feel for their plight or to make a contributing hand in helping such childrens and their cause. Thus, it should be clarified that in order to have a clear understanding of autism, a thorough understanding of a child with autism also readily calls for attention, which this projects attempts to address and exemplifies the crucial points. In doing so, a literature review of the subject matter that limits its analysis to factor on defining autism and how to approach child with autism is a necessity, which the following paragraph details. Literature Review: The idea and notion of Autism As we can derive from a general accumulation of the facts, autism is a general disorder that affects the behavior of person affected by it. Most often than not, people or a child with autisms is restricted by certain neural disorder that prevent them to behave and act normally in most occasions. It is heartening to experience in that capacity. However, point of it also should looked and extrapolated in which the salient and special characteristic of a child with autism also should be acknowledged. In that regard, experts are of the opinion that autism like all mental disorders are phenomenological based diagnosis. That is to say, autism is a form of mental disorders that is observable to predict through an experiment. Altogether, autism can directly be defined as a disease based on observable and reproducible behavioral phenomenon, and composed a complex biological system or that which medical experts calls end point in psychiatric illness. (Casanova, 2005, p. 198) Thus, when we begin to this comprehension of the facts and subject matter arguments again, we feel that medical experts opinion on the same also should be taken in a discourse. Although much of the definition of autism herein and as defined above is medically grounded, that is to say, all aspects of the features attached to autism are defined in medical and clinical sense. In that capacity and as sources can be derived from our study, the IDEA Act in US (Individual with Disability Education Act) defines the notion attached to autism as one of the developmental disability in a person that significantly affects the way of people behavior and their responses to certain social interaction process. That is to make it simple, autism has a direct affect upon an individual verbal and non-verbal communications processes. Together with it, individual who are affected with autism and its disorder also often find the social interaction to be close to impossible. What we can relate further is that autisms are generally evident in any given child affected by it before the age of three years. The effect of autisms also adversely affects a childs educational performance, given that as a neural disorder, the affect of learning disability also directly comes to fore. (Anonymous, 2008) Thus, when we interpret and accumulate to the notion that can be derived from the above definition in brief, it comes as a direct representation of the sociological aspects that can be emphasized again. That is to say, a close knot understanding in brief can be derived as to what composed the meaning of autism in general term; rather than the previous idea that is medically grounded. How to Approach Autistic Childrens? When we come to this part of the study, what we can cum up from the above definition, its terms and characteristics attached to autism also provided an avenue to understand the meaning of autism. In that regard, it is crucial to understand autism in a sense that it can further enable us to derive the salient aspects as and when it matter to dealing with autistic people. The question that arises also is how to approach children with autism? To begin with in this regard, we feel that a thorough understanding of the behavioral aspects and in particular the characteristic associated with autism is important as a measure to approach with them in day to day life and interaction process. Hence, experts feel that as far as approaching an autistic child goes it is to be sensible and vitreous enough to understand who they are, because autism is just one part of their characteristics. Yet a child with autism is also a unique creation of God and with unique character and gifts. (Wong, 2009) Thus, the best way to approach a child with autism is to give them enough space to be what they want and to express their humanness as to who they are, not by what we make think of otherwise. To put it in simple terms, approaching a child with autism is all based on the things that we can encounter, and how we response to each one of it in a cordial and virtues way. Secondly, autistic child and their characteristic of neural disorder prevent them from imaginative thinking. Hence, in that regard, expert opinion in that respect is to approach a child with autism with due care and attention to details. That is to say, identifying with them is the best way possible, because child with autism are hypersensitive to certain things that are beyond their imagination to grabs a thing or two being said or conversed. Thus, a cautious approach to the language used, and individual willingness to identify with them and their capabilities as well as doing thing to them in one sense give greater details and a good basis to approach a child with autism, (Wong, 2009) because as we can emphasize to the meaning of it, the fact is that that often actions speaks louder then word with children affected by autism. Together with it, and from a professional way on emphasizing to the notion of approaching a child with autism, that is to say, teaching a child with autism defines many foregrounds of the do and donts. As far as the subject topic goes in that regard, it is widely undertaken with due care and cautious approach. Expert opinion of the point to approach a child with autism and while teaching an autistic child is to give greater details and focus on two significant areas as far as it goes with the use of functional activities, and in particular an effort to make programs appropriate enough for student development level that also attends to their chronological age. (Raymond Le Blanc, 2007, p. 102) Hence, as we have related in the introductory note to the subject matter arguments, we feel that being polite to children with autism can be a great virtue indeed. That is why we see an extensive empathizing that is given attention toward children with autism. Altogether such move is also a good social cause, given that it gives the child that are affected with autism greater details to explore and experiment their life in a meaningful way, especially with people who understand them in a better way. Understanding the Characteristics of Autistic Childrens As far as autism goes, a prominent attribute or aspect of something that is related is also relevant to trace as a measure to understand in general the characteristic attached to the diseases and its symptoms in any. In that regard one of the common characteristics that are most often associated with autism can be exemplified towards the components attached to repetitive activities among autistic child. In that notion, autism and is characteristics as can be observed reflects the stereotyped movement of autistic individuals or a child. (Anonymous, 2008) Most importantly, autistic characteristic also are most often than not resistance to change. Hence, when autistic individual are subject to environmental change or change in daily course of life and routines to be precise, a direct instance of resistance also can be observed. Such characteristics as can be explained are unusual responses to sensory or neural experiences attached to autism and individual affected by it, (Anonymous, 2008) says experts in the fields of autistic study and child development welfares. Further down the line, we often feel that to define autism correctly is hard, because it all depends on interpreting the traits that are relevant to autistic individual or childrens. In that reasoning, and as far as expert opinion and their idea of autism goes, it directly relates to people who often have difficulty in three major areas, namely social interaction, communication, either can be (verbal or written) or both, and flexible and imaginative thinkings, which medical experts such as Lorna Wings have referred on the condition attached to autism and autistic behavior and characteristics. (Pittman, 2007, p. 4) In context of the above definition of the characteristic attached to autism, we can directly trace the features as to what composed imaginative thinking as well. Let say, autistic adversely affect the child learning capacity but it does not mean that a childs educational performance in such situation or occasion as such is adversely affected due to or primarily because of the child emotional disturbance, but it is a direct insistence of the disorder attached to neural or psychological diseases. (Anonymous, 2008) That is why; characteristic attached to children with autism is rather complicated to register readily with a layman. Once again, from the interpretation of this term, a concise meaning to autism and its spectrum also can be derived. What we can drive home the idea is that regard as well can be further stated that autism is rather a complex disorder as far as social interaction and cognition of term goes. In that capacity as well, we feel that autistic childs are individuals that calls for special attention and special care, wherein all the components and characteristics that posits a child with autism should not be taken for granted to accumulate who they are, since it is only one part of them and their disability. Conclusion Going back to the overall discussion, we are of the opinion that understanding autism and how to approach autistic child with such a disorder calls for extra measure and efforts to be made. Hence, to conclude in that regard and what we can drive home the idea that erupts from politeness with autistic child as well has some sentimental value, which we feels defines the notion that parts of it also comes readily, and registers with people who have been trained to handle or responds to children with autistic behavior in a better way. For a layman, understanding a child with autism can be close to impossible, because as some experts have maintained is the fact that autistic disorder in a child does not in a way explains or defines who the child is, which in a sense it only give a clear impression and natural accumulation of the fact that autism is one part of the character and being of childrens with autism. (Wong, 2009) Recommendations In the current state of affairs, extensive researches are being carried out to understand the many variables attached to autism and its characteristics in particular. As human and scientific knowledge increases, so does the awareness and attention that is given to certain fields of study as a measure to reaps the benefits in facilitating a better way of life to children with autism also automatically arises. There are many components that make it hard to define autism, which in any capacity is what we call a diseases. Measure initiated in the study and research thus is to bring into contention the idea to understanding and tracing the salient aspects of autism so that a progress can be channelized to treat the disorder in a better way, because it is one aspect of concerns that medical experts encounters. (Casanova, 2005, p. 198) Thus, when we relate to the above statement as well, and accumulating the overall discussions, we can derive as to where the idea in the medical fields that is interrelated to autism and its study can be emphasized for further research and study. After all, medical research initiated in context of autism is a measure that comes as a means to an end in enabling medical experts to find a befitting solution to treat the disorder and to facilitate the channel of life bearing examples. Such insistence and initiation is a good move and designate an attempt with great virtue and a great cause.